Deimos is the one I had in mind. How cool would it be to jump off a moon and land on a planet?! And the earths's moon is the other. There are companies planning lunar hotels and things to do while on the moon. One idea is to have a large air-filled chamber using an inflatable building. Because the gravity is so low, one could put on a set of wings and fly like a bird.
That would apply to a fluid but close enough! Thermodynamic motion. It is possible for there to be a random bias in the motion of the particles so that for a brief moment, there is a net upward force. Every now and then enough particles have an upward motion to defy gravity for a moment.
Question 12: What atmospheric phenomenon shares a common range of frequencies with the human brain [EEG].
Not according to my understanding of the meaning of inertia. Gravity would be the force causing the acceleration of the coffee cup but it would be in a state of inertia immediately prior to you letting it go.
Not thunder but you're going the right direction. The lower limit for human hearing is about 20 Hz. Brain waves when awake range from 3.5 to 14 Hz and higher, but mostly under 20 Hz. And interestingly there is a transition from theta to alpha waves at 7.5 Hz. You might say that 7.5 Hz is the center frequency, which is really interesting.
F = dP/dt --> the rate of change of momentum is equal to the force applied. As soon as you let go, the momentum, hence the velocity begins to change. But mamooth got it - thermodynamic motion; the motion of atoms and molecules due to temperature. This can for a tiny fraction of second, counter the force of gravity by providing a net upward momentum. Not trains. And the rest you mentioned have been answered. There is a list at the top of the previous page.
Thunder is mostly in the 100 HZ range but can occur below 20hz . After a quick search, so cheating a little bit, came across a book (nearly 1000 pages long!) about the physics of cloud formation where it describes hailstone spin being in the range of 9 HZ which gives rise to the unique shape of hailstones though appears to be based on theory rather than measurement.
Haha, maybe to be fair I need to narrow it down a bit. It is an electromagnetic phenomenon. Just as are brainwaves.
I would say bicycles. They return much more of the potential energy gained going uphill than walking. How about roller skates? Or ice skates (but I don't know they can be considered a common form of transportation.)
Aerodynamic lift caused by the reduced air pressure caused by the hot coffee heating the air above it.
According to this web site it requires .6 kcal to walk one mile at 2 miles/hr and .32 kcal to bike one mile at ten miles/hr. http://www.runningtools.com/energyusage.htm One gallon of gasoline is 32,000 kcals. If a car engine gets 50 m/gal, it takes 160 kcals/m, so bicycling is indeed about 600 times more efficient.
Cool! I'm not good with calories - it seems like there are some tricky elements there that I haven't bothered to figure out. I'm not doubting your result, though. Your answer is far better than was mine.
Already answered: Thermodynamic motion but not for the same reason. Random biases in the motion of particles can result in an upward momentum for a fraction of a second.