Yet MORE Evo Evidence: Human Chromosome 2 - fusion of two ancestral chromosomes

Discussion in 'Science' started by Taxonomy26, Jun 30, 2017.

  1. Taxonomy26

    Taxonomy26 Banned

    Joined:
    Jan 24, 2016
    Messages:
    1,611
    Likes Received:
    1,237
    Trophy Points:
    113
    We constantly have Creationist Trolls/Frauds blatantly denying EvidenceS of Evolution.
    Totally Ignoring Strings that headline it.
    UNable to debate, they simply Boycott them in favor of only their own wacky OPs.
    ie,
    More Strong Evidence for Evolution: Anatomical Vestiges
    http://www.politicalforum.com/index...nce-for-evolution-anatomical-vestiges.507176/


    Now a Internal Variant of Anatomical Vestiges, a Genetic one. The main reason for the differences/split between us and our Hairy predecessors, and current Cousins,

    They have 24 Chromosomes, we have 23.

    Human Chromosome 2 is a fusion of two ancestral chromosomes
    Alec MacAndrew
    http://www.evolutionpages.com/chromosome_2.htm

    Introduction
    All great apes apart from man have 24 pairs of chromosomes. There is therefore a hypothesis that the common ancestor of all great apes had 24 pairs of chromosomes and that the fusion of two of the ancestor's chromosomes created chromosome 2 in humans. The evidence for this hypothesis is very strong.


    The Evidence

    Evidence for fusing of two ancestral chromosomes to create human chromosome 2 and where there has been no fusion in other Great Apes is:


    1) The analogous chromosomes (2p and 2q) in the non-human great apes can be shown, when laid end to end, to create an identical banding structure to the human chromosome 2. (1)


    2) The remains of the sequence that the chromosome has on its ends (the telomere) is found in the middle of human chromosome 2 where the ancestral chromosomes fused. (2)

    3) the detail of this region (pre-telomeric sequence, telomeric sequence, reversed telomeric sequence, pre-telomeric sequence) is exactly what we would expect from a fusion(3)

    4) this telomeric region is exactly where one would expect to find it if a fusion had occurred in the middle of human chromosome 2.

    5) the centromere of human chromosome 2 lines up with the chimp chromosome 2p chromosomal centromere.

    6) At the place where we would expect it on the human chromosome we find the remnants of the chimp 2q centromere (4).

    Not only is this strong evidence for a fusion event, but it is also strong evidence for Common Ancestry; in fact, it is hard to explain by any other mechanism.


    [​IMG]

    Explanations

    Telomere evidence

    The telomere is a sequence of DNA at the end of the chromosome. The function of the telomere is to protect the ends of the chromosomal DNA strands during replication. The ends of the strands are very vulnerable to mutations or deletions. Telomeres consist of, or contain long stretches of simple DNA sequences that are repeated many times. The telomeres tend to be shortened over time and are restored by an enzyme called telomerase which lengthens the sequence. If the telomere becomes too short in somatic cells, errors in duplication can occur leading to cancers.

    The telomere sequence is highly conserved in different groups of organisms. For example vertebrates have the sequence TTAGGG repeated many times. (In primates the sequence is repeated 500 to 3500 times). Adjacent to the telomere, are regions with other DNA repeats (known as Telomere Associated Repeats) but these regions, rather than being highly conserved, are highly polymorphic - that is they have many variations even within the same species. Nevertheless the pretelomeric region can be easily recognised in closely related species. Occasionally genes are found in the pretelomeric region.

    Now these telomeric and pretelomeric sequences are normally found only on chromosome ends. However, in human chromosome 2, there is strong evidence for chromosome fusing in that there is a pretelomeric sequence, a telomeric sequence, an inverted telomeric sequence and an inverted pretelomeric sequence in that order in the middle of the chromosome.
    [.......]

    More at link above.
     
    Last edited: Jun 30, 2017
    roorooroo and Cosmo like this.

Share This Page