Mystery early human revealed by DNA data

I admit not having a fokking clue abt DNA however I thought perhaps geneticist s or the clever clogs here who pretend to understand it might find this of interest and tell me what they think .

DNA analysis of early human remains from a Siberian cave has revealed the existence of a mystery human species.



"DNA analysis of early human remains from a Siberian cave has revealed the existence of a mystery human species.

A team of researchers speculates that this could have been Homo erectus, which lived in Europe and Asia a million years ago or more.

Meanwhile, the researchers report that they have also obtained the most complete DNA sequence ever from a Neanderthal.

Details of the work appear in Nature journal.

Finds at Denisova cave in Siberia have deepened our understanding of the human groups living in Eurasia before modern humans (Homo sapiens) arrived on the scene.

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There was lots of interbreeding that we know about and probably other interbreeding we haven't yet discovered”
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Prof Montgomery Slatkin

University of California, Berkeley

The Neanderthals were already well known, but DNA analysis of a finger bone and a tooth excavated at the cave revealed evidence of a human type living 40,000 years ago that was distinct both from Neanderthals and modern humans.

When this work was published in 2010, the team behind the discovery dubbed this human species the "Denisovans" after the Siberian site.

The Neanderthal toe bone was found in the same cave in 2010, though in a deeper layer of sediment that is thought to be about 10,000-20,000 years older. The cave also contains modern human artefacts, meaning that at least three groups of people occupied the cave at different times.

A high quality genome sequence was obtained from the small bone using techniques developed by Prof Svante Paabo and colleagues at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, and it reveals some interesting insights about Neanderthals and humans.

For example, the researchers say, the Neanderthal woman was highly inbred and could have been the offspring of half-siblings who shared the same mother.

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Other scenarios are possible though, including that her parents were an uncle and niece or aunt and nephew, a grandparent and grandchild, or double first-cousins (the offspring of two siblings who married siblings).

Comparisons of the genetic sequence of multiple human groups - Neanderthals, Denisovans and modern humans - yielded further insights into their evolutionary relationships.

The results shows that Neanderthals and Denisovans were very closely related, and that their common ancestor split off from the ancestors of modern humans about 400,000 years ago. The genome data reveal that Neanderthals and Denisovans diverged about 300,000 years ago.

But it also threw up a surprise result: that the Denisovans interbred with a mysterious fourth group of early humans that were living in Eurasia at the time. Between 2.7 and 5.8% of the Denisovan genome comes from this enigmatic species.

This group split from the others more than a million years ago, and may represent the early human species known as Homo erectus, which fossils show was living in Europe and Asia a million or more years ago.


more here :

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-25423498


BTW - Is there any sexual - implication /
connection when they talk abt " Homo Erectus "?
?

 

Your mind is in the wrong place. It means that he was the first of our ancestors to stand erect?

 

It has become relatively clear in recent years that the separation on Homo from Neanderthal is a very fine line, the addition of multiple separate lines in the species adds much to this complicated issue. Over time we may have a more complete understanding, but one of the misunderstood aspects of scientific exploration is that we actually know. Instead we are continuously striving to, and thus are in flux at all times.

 

The genomes of Australian aborigines, New Guineans and some Pacific Islanders are about 6 percent Denisovan genes, according to earlier studies. The new analysis (Prüfer et al. 2013) further finds that the genomes of Han Chinese and other mainland Asian populations, as well as of Native Americans, contain about 0.2 percent Denisovan genes, which may indicate that they have inherited around 0.6-1.2 percent Homo erectus genes. A previous study (Pääbo et al. 2012) also found the Denisovan gene flow into some European populations (0.2 percent) and the Spanish population may be genetically similar to Asians in terms of Neanderthal/Denisovan admixture. The ancient Denosivan bones were recently discovered in Spain and it can be speculated that the Spanish population also interbred with Homo erectus at some point.

 

all over the globe anthropologists are throwing their laboriously completed hypothesis on prehistoric human evolution into the trash bin..."damn that DNA!"...

 

The genetical sequence and its comparison might be accepted, but we must remember that is limited to geographical and not so to chronological.

Those "hundreds of thousands of years"... those "millions of years" input to the human species are nothing but educated guesses, mere assumptions, and even more, complete stupidity when those are taken as true data.

It is sad that such a wonderful technology applied on genetics is practically turned into a circus full of clowns just to please the doctrines of a theory of evolution that lacks of scientific foundation.

 

Not really- there is nothing about this that refutes human evolution, just more information to go on- it is all very exciting for most anthropologists.

 

heard much of this before but never anything about the unknown "forth unknown group" ...very interesting...

 

Or we could go with what science tells us- which is this evidence is just more exciting evidence of how complicated evolution is.

 

Science isn't your strong suit, eh?

 

Denisovans were unknown until very very recently, that neanderthal interbred with sapiens was rejected as impossible until very recently I remember the debates very clearly when I was a young anthropology student....,that neanderthals, denisovns and a unknown forth group all interbred with sapiens and possibly erectus as well...well in short this is revolutionary...

then there is the recent discover in Georgian cave of species that were previously assumed to be all different when in fact they may be all one specie...

anthropology is entering a golden age thanks to DNA...

 

I kinda like his version better...

 

'
Well, in any case, you must define first what are you implying when you say "evolution". After that, to specify what is the complication assumed by you.

 

Well, that depends of what have you learned in science. You might have great knowlewdge about the theory of evolution but you never searched that such so called theory is false, so your knowledge is vain, and still you will believe that you know a lot... lol...

 

I noticed some seagulls that inhabit cities have acquired a majority black plumage. Perhaps some allelic trend towards different plumage existed in nature before, but since it was not advantageous, it did not catch on in nature. In the cities it's not disadvantageous since seagulls which are scavengers do not need to camouflage with the skyline etc. In any case, it's evolution in action, in a span of a few generations, a visible proof.

 

So, you call it evolution because according to your thinking, the color of the seagulls is related to camouflage, so white chicken, brown chicken, black chicken is about camouflage as well. Explain different color of chicken and eggs in the same farm. Chicken should change color as well throughout generations, from white to brown plumage or viceversa, right?

Apparently you have not learned science but your brain has been filled up with lots and lots of imaginations.

You must prove first that the white color of seagulls is not caused by water, salt and or food, besides other conditions, while in the city seagulls feed up with leftovers of processed food, like bones from Popeyes chicken, biscuits, etc. You and nobody really knows why the white color of seagulls, you assume a reason, but you really can't afirm and confirm your hypothesis.

You can't even prove that the color of the seagull is controlled by the bird, like we can't control the color of our skin unless with artificial means. Why black color should be a change instead of green or blue? Perhaps is a disease on the bird, because you must follow up the aging comparison between seagulls in the shore and seagulls in the city. This is not about color of plumage alone, but finding the real cause of that change, not so any silly idea of yours outcoming from an invalid theory.

So, I suggest you to verify first why the color of seagulls with solid evidence, not so with guesses.

You are just a good example of how many so called scientists embarrass science with their nonsense about millions of years for humans on earth, just based in guesses, lunacies invented by former scientists, pride and arrogance to avoid recognizing that they are so wrong with their theories... lol

So, what yellow race people camouflage for? What about Black race or White race?

Come on.

 

More poor saps who never had a chance:



Well, except the one.

 

In nature seagulls already have some black feathers, but no green or blue feathers dumb dumb. So a mechanism for making black pigment in feathers is already in place. Freak accidents like this may occur in nature, but if 50% of a flock changes feathers then it's a pattern. Similar classic process occurred with moths at the time of industrial revolution. And why would the type of food the gulls eat pollute their feathers? It's not what eat, but what you digest, is what you are.

 

No actually I don't. I can just enjoy the wonder that is evolution.

 

Absolutely- fascinating things are being discovered, we are learning more and more about human evolution.

 

The Academy of Sciences in San Francisco had a fascinating exhibit on human evolution this year

http://www.calacademy.org/human-odyssey/

If you ever have a chance the human evolution exhibit at the Smithsonian Natural History Museum is also wonderful.

 

While Western Anthropologist have consistently taken the road of species replacement, like some sort of genocide -
Chinese Anthropologist have agreed with Moi - they all interbred.
The Chinese point to their newest H. erectus skulls demonstrating the Asiatic flattened cheek bones.
Similarly, Western folks have Neanderthal's football shaped cranium.
Continuity Through Continuous Hybridization.
What is so hard to accept?


Moi

No ​

 

I was under the impression that in the long-term past, I forgot when exactly, between several thousand, hundred thousand and, perhaps, even to the million years point, sometime, there were 5 parallel human species existing at the same time on Earth. Slowly over the millennia, until the present day, they all went extinct except for one, modern humans.

Oh, and that's right I said "parallel" -- that means we were co-existing on the same planet, but none of us was an earlier evolution of each another, but, instead, we were all branching out from a common ancestor, in parallel.

Just imagine what it was like to live in a world that had not only people of different skin, eye, or hair color, but actually different varieties of humans with different body types, sizes, and hair coverage! Now, This isn't exactly the most scientific classification for the way it was, but just imagine we were all different varieties of humans. It's like going to the store for apples: well, which kind of apple do you want? The red one? The green? Perhaps the yellow? Yes, it was kind of like that...

But, now, we're the last of our kind! Only a single group out of the lot of humans made it to today. That's a 1 in 5 survival chance over the long term -- a few hundred thousand years -- that's not even a hair's length of the Earth's timeline, and with that in mind it isn't very good odds for humans, and our future is questionable... At least if it were not for the fact that we're so prolific and spread out across the world.

 

Animal feather, skin or fur camouflage evolution is specific to the environment and prey such an animal hunts, inhabits or is hunted within.

As example there exists insects that look like an actual and specific tree leaf as well as insects known as Walking Sticks.

Seal Pups and Polar Bear and other Arctic animals have white fur for camouflage as through natural selection and environmental condition...the animals that had white aspects to their fur, skin or feathers either were able to hide from predators thus these living animals bred and the white fur, skin or feathers aspect became progressively more dominant until only white camouflaged specific animals dominated the region.

Now at one time our ancient HUMAN ancestors were covered with hair and lived primarily in trees as the dark brown hair allowed them to hide against the tree trunks and branches beneath the leaves. But as the African Jungles dried out due to a climate change and these areas became vast Savannah's.......this forced our ancestors out of the trees and forced them to walk upright as a means to see both predators and prey at greater distances.

As well as that area of Africa grew hotter and dryer....ancient human ancestors began to loose the majority of their one time fur or heavy hair as they became more suited to the climate and conditions thus evolution via natural selection.

As far as current Human skin color it has nothing to do with camouflage as humans were perfectly capable of creating their own camouflage using mud or leaves to hunt prey as well used weapons to bring such prey down at distance.

Human skin color is specific to ENVIRONMENT....as depending where Humans have lived for 1000's of years upon Earth will determine whether a person had dark brown or black skin from living in Tropical or Equatorial areas....White Skin....Temperate to Arctic areas.....Yellow to Light Brow Skin....Sub-tropical areas....etc.

Thus the more sun and the stronger the sun is in an area a group of people will slowly over generations evolve skin pigmentation to a protective skin color necessary to protect their skin from burning....if in the Arctic of Temperate areas....no such heavy protection is needed thus the farther one travels NORTH...the whiter the peoples skin will be.

This evolutionary driven degree of skin pigmentation happens relatively quickly as White Spanish Humans who came to Mexico in the 1500's....and even those Spanish who did not breed with the indigenous Mayan or Aztec people....after over 500 years have become brown in skin color.

ALL HUMANS WERE ORIGINALLY BLACK SKINNED.....thus Black skinned people were the very first Humans and all other races and skin colors existed and were evolved over time as Humanity spread North into Europe and Asia and those Asians who came over the one time existing Land Bridge connecting what is now Russia and Alaska....had their Yellowish White Skin turned REDDISH...as the North American Continent in what is now the U.S. and Canada has a Hotter and Sunnier Year than Europe or Northern and East Central Asia.

Those who traveled further south into Mexico, Central America and Northern and Central South America evolved a Brown to Dark Brown Skin.

AboveAlpha....p.s...For any Racists out there....your 800 Generations ago Great Grandmother and Great Grandpa were BLACK!!!! DEAL WITH IT....and pass the Collard Greens!

 

Still pushing the same, WRONG ideas of mankind.
What a shame !


Moi

No ​