Weather station in Antarctica records high of 65, the continent's hottest temperature ever

That's "on record." What about the other 4.5 billion years?

 

If you covered the entire planet in snow, would it affect the temperature on earth?

If you covered the entire planet in trees would it affect the temperature on earth?

If you covered the entire planet in lava, would it affect the temperature on earth?

You live in a world of fallacy.

10K in Geological time is but a raindrop as it has been explained to you over and over and over again.

 

thats just it, no one can prove nor disprove if this rise in co2 is a normal regular phenomenon...

anywho, the true culprit to warming in our atmosphere is, now hold on, chloroflourocarbons... we didnt ban them, we replaced them with hydroflourocarbons which is slightly less harmful than cfc's...

those flourocarbon molecules are immensely worse than co2 and they are so heavy that they take nearly 50 years to rise into the upper atmosphere... they are the blanket that is absobing solar radiation...
the hole in the ozone has already been proven to be a normal feature, opening & closing many times over the millenia...

yeah, sounds as though i'm proving agw, but i'm not, i'm showing you that co2 is not the issue...

dont ask for links, look it up yourself if you're interested in getting at the truth...

 

Because I can understand the concept of a Greenhouse Gas and that if you increase the amount of a Greenhouse Gas, the effect will be a warmer planet.

 

Like the First Billion Years when the Earth was a molten rock?

Or how about 65 million years ago when a 93 mile-wide meteor struck the planet?

 

YES, BECAUSE OF THE ALBIDO EFFECT.

YES, BECAUSE FORESTS HAVE AN IMPACT ON THE CLIMATE

YES, BECAUSE COVERING THE PLANET IN MOLTEN LAVA HAS AN IMPACT ON THE CLIMATE.

Again, why the **** should we care about Geological Time Scale? Why does the fact that the Planet will still be around in 50,000 matter when you face increased droughts, floods, and wildfire events in the next 100 years?

 

We have an effect of raising the global average temperature by roughly 1 degree celsius over the last 100 years and we have the ability to raise the global average temperature over the next 100 years by anywhere from 1.5-6 or 7 degrees Celsius.

That is "very minimal" on a geological timescale. It is also "extremely detrimental to humans and most of the other currently living plants and animals" on a timescale that matters to them.

 

delete

 

I did.

 

Greenhouse gases like CO2 and Methane.

 

You will accept any "actual science?" OK.

1.1.1. Atmosphere

Each of the last three decades has been successively warmer at the Earth’s surface than any preceding decade since 1850. The period from 1983 to 2012 was very likely the warmest 30-year period of the last 800 years in the Northern Hemisphere, where such assessment is possible (high confidence) and likely the warmest 30-year period of the last 1400 years (medium confidence). {WGI 2.4.3, 5.3.5}

The globally averaged combined land and ocean surface temperature data as calculated by a linear trend show a warming of 0.85 [0.65 to 1.06] °C

over the period 1880 to 2012, for which multiple independently produced datasets exist. The total increase between the average of the 1850–1900 period and the 2003–2012 period is 0.78 [0.72 to 0.85] °C, based on the single longest dataset available. For the longest period when calculation of regional trends is sufficiently complete (1901 to 2012), almost the entire globe has experienced surface warming (Figure 1.1). {WGI SPM B.1, 2.4.3}


In addition to robust multi-decadal warming, the globally averaged surface temperature exhibits substantial decadal and interannual variability (Figure 1.1). Due to this natural variability, trends based on short records are very sensitive to the beginning and end dates and do not in general reflect long-term climate trends. As one example, the rate of warming over the past 15 years (1998–2012; 0.05 [–0.05 to 0.15] °C per decade), which begins with a strong El Niño, is smaller than the rate calculated since 1951 (1951–2012; 0.12 [0.08 to 0.14] °C per decade; see Box 1.1). {WGI SPM B.1, 2.4.3}

Based on multiple independent analyses of measurements, it is virtually certain that globally the troposphere has warmed and the lower stratosphere has cooled since the mid-20th century. There is medium confidence in the rate of change and its vertical structure in the Northern Hemisphere extratropical troposphere. {WGI SPM B.1, 2.4.4}

Confidence in precipitation change averaged over global land areas since 1901 is low prior to 1951 and medium afterwards. Averaged over the mid-latitude land areas of the Northern Hemisphere, precipitation has likely increased since 1901 (medium confidence before and high confidence after 1951). For other latitudes area-averaged long-term positive or negative trends have low confidence (Figure 1.1). {WGI SPM B.1, Figure SPM.2, 2.5.1}

 

Why are you losing your temper and shouting?

A snow covered planet would be because of other issues, not so much your Albido concept. How did the snow cover the entire planet to begin with? Or all trees, or all lava. If the earth was all lava, how did it cool down and how did an atmosphere form?

We care about Geological time because Geological time and weather over the course of millions of years gives us a bigger and better picture of climate and how earth was formed and continues to unfold. Not just a stupid political agenda by those bilking citizens out of taxpayer money because they think the sky is falling.

 

You have already said that you do not trust any data older than the modern recordable record.

So, given that limitation, what is the hottest year on record? What is the hottest decade on record? What is the hottest quarter century on record?

 

How does knowing that the Planet will still be here 50,000 years from now accomplish anything in light of a planet that is trending towards 2 or more celsius of increased warmth by 2100?

 

Then why did we have greater concentrations of CO2 before humans walked the earth?

 

Here is some more "actual science" for you.

1.1.2. Oceans

Ocean warming dominates the increase in energy stored in the climate system, accounting for more than 90% of the energy accumulated between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence) with only about 1% stored in the atmosphere (Figure 1.2). On a global scale, the ocean warming is largest near the surface, and the upper 75 m warmed by 0.11 [0.09 to 0.13] °C per decade over the period 1971 to 2010. It is virtually certain that the upper ocean (0−700 m) warmed from 1971 to 2010, and it likely warmed between the 1870s and 1971. It is likely that the ocean warmed from 700 to 2000 m from 1957 to 2009 and from 3000 m to the bottom for the period 1992 to 2005 (Figure 1.2). {WGI SPM B.2, 3.2, Box 3.1}

It is very likely that regions of high surface salinity, where evaporation dominates, have become more saline, while regions of low salinity, where precipitation dominates, have become fresher since the 1950s. These regional trends in ocean salinity provide indirect evidence for changes in evaporation and precipitation over the oceans and thus for changes in the global water cycle (medium confidence). There is no observational evidence of a long-term trend in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). {WGI SPM B.2, 2.5, 3.3, 3.4.3, 3.5, 3.6.3}

Since the beginning of the industrial era, oceanic uptake of CO2 has resulted in acidification of the ocean; the pH of ocean surface water has decreased by 0.1 (high confidence), corresponding to a 26% increase in acidity, measured as hydrogen ion concentration. There is medium confidence that, in parallel to warming, oxygen concentrations have decreased in coastal waters and in the open ocean thermocline in many ocean regions since the 1960s, with a likely expansion of tropical oxygen minimum zones in recent decades. {WGI SPM B.5, TS2.8.5, 3.8.1, 3.8.2, 3.8.3, 3.8.5, Figure 3.20}

 

Because the most of the first organisms on the planet expended CO2 as a waste byproduct and almost none used CO2 as an energy source.

 

So now you switch over to a discussion that the planet will be here in 50K years? It's been here for billions but how do you know a large asteroid won't destroy the planet?

Why are you even going down this silly path?

 

Found you some more "Actual science."

1.1.3. Cryosphere
Over the last two decades, the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have been losing mass (high confidence). Glaciers have continued to shrink almost worldwide (high confidence). Northern Hemisphere spring snow cover has continued to decrease in extent (high confidence). There is high confidence that there are strong regional differences in the trend in Antarctic sea ice extent, with a very likely increase in total extent. {WGI SPM B.3, 4.2–4.7}

Glaciers have lost mass and contributed to sea level rise throughout the 20th century. The rate of ice mass loss from the Greenland ice sheet has very likely substantially increased over the period 1992 to 2011, resulting in a larger mass loss over 2002 to 2011 than over 1992 to 2011. The rate of ice mass loss from the Antarctic ice sheet, mainly from the northern Antarctic Peninsula and the Amundsen Sea sector of West Antarctica, is also likely larger over 2002 to 2011. {WGI SPM B.3, SPM B.4, 4.3.3, 4.4.2, 4.4.3}

The annual mean Arctic sea ice extent decreased over the period 1979 (when satellite observations commenced) to 2012. The rate of decrease was very likely in the range 3.5 to 4.1% per decade. Arctic sea ice extent has decreased in every season and in every successive decade since 1979, with the most rapid decrease in decadal mean extent in summer (high confidence). For the summer sea ice minimum, the decrease was very likely in the range of 9.4 to 13.6% per decade (range of 0.73 to 1.07 million km2 per decade) (see Figure 1.1). It is very likely that the annual mean Antarctic sea ice extent increased in the range of 1.2 to 1.8% per decade (range of 0.13 to 0.20 million km2 per decade) between 1979 and 2012. However, there is high confidence that there are strong regional differences in Antarctica, with extent increasing in some regions and decreasing in others. {WGI SPM B.5, 4.2.2, 4.2.3}

There is very high confidence that the extent of Northern Hemisphere snow cover has decreased since the mid-20th century by 1.6 [0.8 to 2.4] % per decade for March and April, and 11.7% per decade for June, over the 1967 to 2012 period. There is high confidence that permafrost temperatures have increased in most regions of the Northern Hemisphere since the early 1980s, with reductions in thickness and areal extent in some regions. The increase in permafrost temperatures has occurred in response to increased surface temperature and changing snow cover. {WGI SPM B.3, 4.5, 4.7.2}

 

You said 10,000 years was too short of a time span, so I picked 50,000. Is that too short as well?

OK, How does the fact that the planet will - likely (and it would take a meteor the size of another planet to "destroy" the Earth) - be here for another Million years do anything to address a planet that is trending towards 2 or more degrees of warmth by 2100?

 

Nowhere in that post does it state CO2 is the primary source of climate change as you have alleged or prove it is the primary source. Try again.

I've got you now Legal. Now that you've stated CO2 is the primary cause of climate change it is up to you to prove that is the primary catalyst for climate change.

Then you have to prove humans produce more CO2 than any other source on earth. And we both know that isn't true so your argument is already defeated.

 

Got you some more "actual science"

1.1.4. Sea level

Over the period 1901–2010, global mean sea level rose by 0.19 [0.17 to 0.21] m (Figure 1.1). The rate of sea level rise since the mid-19th century has been larger than the mean rate during the previous two millennia (high confidence). {WGI SPM B.4, 3.7.2, 5.6.3, 13.2}

It is very likely that the mean rate of global averaged sea level rise was 1.7 [1.5 to 1.9] mm/yr between 1901 and 2010 and 3.2 [2.8 to 3.6] mm/yr between 1993 and 2010. Tide gauge and satellite altimeter data are consistent regarding the higher rate during the latter period. It is likely that similarly high rates occurred between 1920 and 1950. {WGI SPM B.4, 3.7, 13.2}

Since the early 1970s, glacier mass loss and ocean thermal expansion from warming together explain about 75% of the observed global mean sea level rise (high confidence). Over the period 1993–2010, global mean sea level rise is, with high confidence, consistent with the sum of the observed contributions from ocean thermal expansion, due to warming, from changes in glaciers, the Greenland ice sheet, the Antarctic ice sheet and land water storage {WGI SPM B.4, 13.3.6}

Rates of sea level rise over broad regions can be several times larger or smaller than the global mean sea level rise for periods of several decades, due to fluctuations in ocean circulation. Since 1993, the regional rates for the Western Pacific are up to three times larger than the global mean, while those for much of the Eastern Pacific are near zero or negative. {WGI 3.7.3, FAQ 13.1}

There is very high confidence that maximum global mean sea level during the last interglacial period (129,000 to 116,000 years ago) was, for several thousand years, at least 5 m higher than present and high confidence that it did not exceed 10 m above present. During the last interglacial period, the Greenland ice sheet very likely contributed between 1.4 and 4.3 m to the higher global mean sea level, implying with medium confidence an additional contribution from the Antarctic ice sheet. This change in sea level occurred in the context of different orbital forcing and with high-latitude surface temperature, averaged over several thousand years, at least 2°C warmer than present (high confidence). {WGI SPM B.4, 5.3.4, 5.6.2, 13.2.1}

 

I'm getting there, don't worry.

 

Got you some more "Actual science"

1.2.1. Natural and anthropogenic radiative forcings

Atmospheric concentrations of GHGs are at levels that are unprecedented in at least 800,000 years. Concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) have all shown large increases since 1750 (40%, 150% and 20%, respectively) (Figure 1.3). CO2 concentrations are increasing at the fastest observed decadal rate of change (2.0 ± 0.1 ppm/yr) for 2002– 2011. After almost one decade of stable CH4 concentrations since the late 1990s, atmospheric measurements have shown renewed increases since 2007. N2O concentrations have steadily increased at a rate of 0.73 ± 0.03 ppb/yr over the last three decades. {WGI SPM B5, 2.2.1, 6.1.2, 6.1.3, 6.3}

The total anthropogenic radiative forcing over 1750–2011 is calculated to be a warming effect of 2.3 [1.1 to 3.3] W/m2 (Figure 1.4), and it has increased more rapidly since 1970 than during prior decades. Carbon dioxide is the largest single contributor to radiative forcing over 1750–2011 and its trend since 1970. The total anthropogenic radiative forcing estimate for 2011 is substantially higher (43%) than the estimate reported in the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) for the year 2005. This is caused by a combination of continued growth in most GHG concentrations and an improved estimate of radiative forcing from aerosols. {WGI SPM C, 8.5.1}

The radiative forcing from aerosols, which includes cloud adjustments, is better understood and indicates a weaker cooling effect than in AR4. The aerosol radiative forcing over 1750–2011 is estimated as –0.9 [–1.9 to −0.1] W/m2 (medium confidence). Radiative forcing from aerosols has two competing components: a dominant cooling effect from most aerosols and their cloud adjustments and a partially offsetting warming contribution from black carbon absorption of solar radiation. There is high confidence that the global mean total aerosol radiative forcing has counteracted a substantial portion of radiative forcing from wellmixed GHGs. Aerosols continue to contribute the largest uncertainty to the total radiative forcing estimate. {WGI SPM C, 7.5, 8.3, 8.5.1}

Changes in solar irradiance and volcanic aerosols cause natural radiative forcing (Figure 1.4). The radiative forcing from stratospheric volcanic aerosols can have a large cooling effect on the climate system for some years after major volcanic eruptions. Changes in total solar irradiance are calculated to have contributed only around 2% of the total radiative forcing in 2011, relative to 1750. {WGI SPM C, Figure SPM.5, 8.4}

 

Found you some more "actual science"

1.2.2. Human activities affecting emission drivers

About half of the cumulative anthropogenic CO2 emissions between 1750 and 2011 have occurred in the last 40 years (high confidence). Cumulative anthropogenic CO2 emissions of 2040 ± 310 GtCO2 were added to the atmosphere between 1750 and 2011. Since 1970, cumulative CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion, cement production and flaring have tripled, and cumulative CO2 emissions from forestry and other land use (FOLU)

have increased by about 40% (Figure 1.5). In 2011 annual CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion, cement production and flaring were 34.8 ± 2.9 GtCO2/yr. For 2002-2011 average annual emissions from forestry and other land use were 3.3 ± 2.9 GtCO2/yr. {WGI 6.3.1, 6.3.2, WGIII SPM.3}


About 40% of these anthropogenic CO2 emissions have remained in the atmosphere (880 ± 35 GtCO2) since 1750. The rest was removed from the atmosphere by sinks, and stored in natural carbon cycle reservoirs. Sinks from ocean uptake and vegetation with soils account, in roughly equal measures, for the remainder of the cumulative CO2 emissions. The ocean has absorbed about 30% of the emitted anthropogenic CO2, causing ocean acidification. {WG1 3.8.1, 6.3.1}

Total annual anthropogenic GHG emissions have continued to increase over 1970 to 2010 with larger absolute increases between 2000 and 2010 (high confidence). Despite a growing number of climate change mitigation policies, annual GHG emissions grew on average by 1.0 GtCO2-eq (2.2%) per year, from 2000 to 2010, compared to 0.4 GtCO2-eq (1.3%) per year, from 1970 to 2000 (Figure 1.6)

. Total anthropogenic GHG emissions from 2000 to 2010 were the highest in human history and reached 49 (±4.5) GtCO2-eq/yr in 2010. The global economic crisis of 2007/2008 reduced emissions only temporarily. {WGIII SPM.3, 1.3, 5.2, 13.3, 15.2.2, Box TS.5, Figure 15.1}

CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes contributed about 78% to the total GHG emission increase between 1970 and 2010, with a contribution of similar percentage over the 2000–2010 period (high confidence). Fossil-fuel-related CO2 emissions reached 32 (±2.7) GtCO2/yr, in 2010, and grew further by about 3% between 2010 and 2011, and by about 1 to 2% between 2011 and 2012. CO2 remains the major anthropogenic GHG, accounting for 76% of total anthropogenic GHG emissions in 2010. Of the total, 16% comes from CH4, 6.2% from N2O, and 2.0% from fluorinated gases (F-gases) (Figure 1.6). Annually, since 1970, about 25% of anthropogenic GHG emissions have been in the form of non-CO2 gases. {WGIII SPM.3, 1.2, 5.2}

Total annual anthropogenic GHG emissions have increased by about 10 GtCO2-eq between 2000 and 2010. This increase directly came from the energy (47%), industry (30%), transport (11%) and building (3%) sectors (medium confidence). Accounting for indirect emissions raises the contributions by the building and industry sectors (high confidence). Since 2000, GHG emissions have been growing in all sectors, except in agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU). In 2010, 35% of GHG emissions were released by the energy sector, 24% (net emissions) from AFOLU, 21% by industry, 14% by transport and 6.4% by the building sector. When emissions from electricity and heat production are attributed to the sectors that use the final energy (i.e., indirect emissions), the shares of the industry and building sectors in global GHG emissions are increased to 31% and 19%, respectively (Figure 1.7). {WGIII SPM.3, 7.3, 8.1, 9.2, 10.3, 11.2} See also Box 3.2 for contributions from various sectors, based on metrics other than 100-year Global Warming Potential (GWP100).

Globally, economic and population growth continue to be the most important drivers of increases in CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion. The contribution of population growth between 2000 and 2010 remained roughly identical to that of the previous three decades, while the contribution of economic growth has risen sharply (high confidence). Between 2000 and 2010, both drivers outpaced emission reductions from improvements in energy intensity of gross domestic product (GDP) (Figure 1.8). Increased use of coal relative to other energy sources has reversed the long-standing trend in gradual decarbonization (i.e., reducing the carbon intensity of energy) of the world’s energy supply. {WGIII SPM.3, TS.2.2, 1.3, 5.3, 7.2, 7.3, 14.3}